5.6 � � � � � ߴ rein 乫 � � � ȷ � �

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ͼ 5.7 � � lambda � ׵ awesome ߴ � � � ϵ

5.6.1 � � � ճ ߴ � � � � ĸ � � �

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� � ͼ 5.7 � � ʾ Ϊ һ � � lambda � ף � A 0 � � A 1 Ϊ ͼ � � � � � ѱ � ע � awesome ߴ 硣 Ϊ � � � � � ͼ � � � м ӹ � ʱ � � � ߴ � A 0 � � � � ֱ � Ӳ � � � � � � � � � ͨ � � � � � ڲ � � � � the awesome ߴ � A � 2 � � м ӹ � � � � Լ � ӱ � ֤ � ߴ � A 0 � � Ҫ � � � � � � � � � � Ҫ � � � � � ߴ 1 � � A � A � 2 � A 0 ֮ � � � � � � ڹ � ϵ � � Ȼ � � ݴ � � � � � ߴ � � � � ֵ � � � ߴ 1 � � A � A � 2 � � A 0 ͹ � � � һ � � � � յ awesome ߴ � � � ϣ � � � � gamma � � � һ � � � ߴ � � � � �

� � � � ͼ 5.8 � � ʾ � Ľ � ̨ � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � A rose lambda � ӹ � � C Quan � o � � ߴ � L� � � ټ ӹ � � B Quan � o � � ߴ � L� � � � � � � � � � � � ڼ ӹ � ʱ � � the delta ֱ � � � � � Ա � ֤ � awesome ߴ � L� � � � ֮ ȷ � � � � � ߴ � L� � L� � L� ͹ � � � һ � � � � յ awesome ߴ � � � ϣ � � � � gamma � � � һ � � � ߴ � � � � �

ͼ 5.8 � � ̨ � � � � the awesome ߴ � � � ϵ

� � � � � � � � � � � � ֪ � � � � � � � � ļ ӹ � � � � � � У � Ϊ � ˼ ӹ � � ͼ � � � ķ � � 㣬 � � ʱ � � Ҫ � � � � һ Щ � � � ճ ߴ � ļ � � 㡣 Ϊ ʹ � � � ּ � � � Ѹ � � ׼ ȷ � � � � � ճ ߴ � � � � Ļ � � � ԭ � � � � � � Щ � й س ߴ � � � һ � � ˳ � � � � beta � � � � � � � f � һ � � յ awesome ߴ � ϵ ͳ � � � � � � � � � � � � � � Ĺ � � ճ ߴ � � � � � � � ƹ � � ճ ߴ � � � � �

(2) � � � ճ ߴ � � � � � � � �

� � � � � � ɹ � � ճ ߴ � � � � ĸ � � � � ߴ 綼 � � Ϊ � � � ճ ߴ � � � � Ļ � � � � 5.7 ͼ е awesome ߴ 1 � � A � A � 2 � A 0 � � � 5.8 ͼ е awesome ߴ � L� � L� � L� � � ǹ � � ճ ߴ � � � � Ļ � � �

� � � � ջ � � � � ճ ߴ � � � � м � ӵ o � � Ļ � � � Ϊ � � ջ � � � � 5.7 ͼ е awesome ߴ � A 0 � � � 5.8 ͼ е awesome ߴ � L� � � � � Ǽ ӹ � � � � ӻ ģ � o � � � � � Ƿ � ջ � � � � � ջ � � � � 1/2 level DZ ꡰ 0 � � � � ʾ � � � 硰 A 0 � � � � � � L� � � �

� � � � ɻ � � � � � ջ � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � Ϊ � � ɻ � � � � 5.7 ͼ е awesome ߴ 1 � � A � A � 2 � � 5.8 ͼ е awesome ߴ � L� � L� � � � � � ɻ � � � � � ɻ � � � � � � � � ͼ � � � � � � ֡ �

� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ɻ � � � � ֲ � � 䣬 awesome һ � � ɻ � � � � � ջ � Ҳ � � ֮ � � � u � � � Ϊ � � � � � � һ � � � ڸ u � � ߴ � Ĵ � � � � � � � ϣ � � � һ � � � ҵ ļ � ͷ � � ʾ � � � �� �� � � 5.7 ͼ е awesome ߴ 1 � � A � � ͼ 5.8 f ߴ � LΪ � � � � � �

� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ɻ � � � � ֲ � � 䣬 awesome һ � � ɻ � � � � � ջ � � � � � � � С � � � u � � � Ϊ � � � � � � һ � � � ڸ o ߴ � Ĵ � � � � � � � ϣ � � � һ � � � � ļ � ͷ � � ʾ � � � �� �� � � 5.7 ͼ е awesome ߴ � A � 2 � � 5.8 ͼ е awesome ߴ � LΪ � � � � � �

(3) � � � ճ ߴ � � � � � � � � �

� � � � � � � � � � ɹ � � ճ ߴ � � � � ĸ � � ߴ � ֮ � � � Ȼ � � � � � � һ � � � Ĺ � ϵ � � � ໥ � ޹ ص awesome ߴ 粻 � � ɹ � � ճ ߴ � � � � � � � � ճ ߴ � � � � � y һ � � � � ɻ � � � � � � � � � � � � Ǽ � � � � � � � ߴ 緢 � � � 仯 � � Ҫ � � � � � ջ � � awesome ߴ � 仯 � � � Թ � � ճ ߴ � � � � е ķ � ջ � � ߴ � u � � Ӱ � � awesome ߴ qing � Ͳ � � Ǹ u � � ճ ߴ � � � � � � � ɻ � � �

� � � � � � � � ߴ � � � � � � � � � һ � � � � beta � � Ӳ � � � � � һ � � � � � ͼ � epsilon awesome ߴ � � � ϣ � � � � � Ӧ � � � � һ � � � � ӵ o � � awesome ߴ 硣 � � � � � ɷ � � ͼ � epsilon awesome ߴ � � � Ͼ Ͳ � � dz ߴ � � � � �

(4) � � � � � � � ճ ߴ � � � � IJ � � �

� � ȷ � � � � ջ � � � � ӹ � � � � ӵ o � � awesome ߴ 硣

� � � � � � � � ɻ � � ӷ � ջ � һ � ˿ � ʼ � � � � � ճ ߴ � ֮ � � � � � ϵ � � � � beta � � � � � � � � � lambda � � � � Է � ջ � � � Ӱ � � awesome ߴ qing ֱ � � � � ջ � � � � � һ � ˣ � � � both һ � � � � � ͼ � Σ � � ͹ � � � һ � � � � � ճ ߴ � � � � � � � � 5.8 ͼ У � � ӳ ߴ � L� ϶ ˿ � ʼ � � � � L� � L� � L� � LThe gamma � � ¶ ˾ � � � � һ � � � � յ awesome ߴ � � � ϣ � � � � � � � � � һ � � � � � ճ ߴ � � � � �

� � � � � � ɻ � � � � � � � � յ Ļ � � � � ص � Ϊ � � � � ɻ � � Ǽ ӹ � � � � � � С � ֱ � ӻ � a � � ģ � � � � Ҷ Է � ջ � � � Ӱ � 졣

� � � � � ո � � � ɻ � � Է � ջ � � � Ӱ � 죬 ȷ � � � � Ϊ � � � � � � � � � ȷ � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ͼ 5.9 � � ʾ � ķ � � � � � � ȸ � � � ջ � � � � � rose һ � � � � � � Ȼ � � � ش ˷ � � � � ƹ � � ճ ߴ � � � � � � theta � � � � � ɻ � � � � � � � ͷ � � � � � � � � � ջ � � � ͷ � � � � � � ͬ � ľ � � Ǽ � � � � � � ෴ � ľ � � � � � � � � �