� � ӭ ʹ � � u е � � ƻ � � � � mu �

12 � � � � � � � � � � �Ŀ fell

� � һ � �

12.1 � � � �

12.2 � � � � � � е Ļ � � � � � � ͼ � � � � �

12.3 � � � � � � е � � � � � ѡ � �

� ڶ � � �

12.4 � � � � � � е � ʧ Ч � � � � � � � � � �

� � � � � � 12.5 � � � � � � е � � � � � � �

12.1 � � � �

12.2 � � � � � � е Ļ � � � � � � ͼ � � � � �

һ � � � � � � � � е Ļ � � � � � � ͡ � � ص 㼰 Ӧ � �

� � � � � � � � � � е Ĵ � � �

ǰ � o � � � � � � � � � � � � � � o � � �

� � һ � � � � � � � � � �

� � � � � � � ű � ʾ � � е Ļ � � � � � � ͡ � � ṹ � ͳ ߴ qing � � � � д � � ŵ Ļ � � � � �

� � � � � � � � � � ⣬ � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ʹ � � š � � ߴ � � � ż � � ھ � � � � Ź � � ɡ �

1. � � � ʹ � � �

3 1 0 � � � � 2 � � � � � 4 5 � � � � 6 7 � � � 8 � � N � �

2. � ߴ � ϵ � д � � �

� � f ߴ � ϵ � д � � � � � � � е Ŀ � � ϵ � д � � ź � ֱ � � ϵ � д � � � � � ϶ � � ɡ � � � � � � � � ʱ � � � � � ϵ � � � � ǰ � � ֱ � � ϵ � � � ں � � �

� ߴ � ϵ � д � � �

ֱ � � ϵ � д � � � � � � � � � �
� � � ϵ � д � � �
8 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
� ߴ � ϵ � д � � �
7 - - 17 - 37 - - -
8 - 08 18 28 38 48 58 68
9 - 09 19 29 39 49 59 69
0 - 00 10 20 30 40 50 60
1 - 01 11 21 31 41 51 61
2 82 02 12 22 32 42 52 62
3 83 03 13 23 33 - - -
4 - 04 - 24 - - - -
5 - - - - - - - -

3. � ھ � � � � �

� � � � � � � � ھ � � � � �

� � й � � � ֱ � � � � mm) � ھ � � � � � ʾ � �
10 � � 17 10

12

15

17

00

01

02

03

������6200

D = 10 mm

20 � � 480 � � and � � and � � 32 � � � ⣩ 5 � � ھ � � � � � � � ̣ � � � Ϊ � � lambda � � � � � � � � ߼ ӡ � 0 � � � � � � � � 08 � � � � � Ĺ � � � � � � 23208

D = 40 mm

� � � ں ͵ � � � 500 � Լ � and � � and � � 32 � � � ھ � � � ֱ � ӱ � ʾ � � � � ߴ � ϵ � � � � / a � � � � � � � � � Ĺ � � � � � � 230/500 d = 500 mm

������62/22 d=22mm

� � � � � � � � һ � � � � � � � � � � ֣ � � � � � ĸ � � � ĸ � � � � ֣ � � � ɡ � � � � � � ϵ � � Ϊ 0 ʱ � � ʡ � ԡ � � � 6200 02 Ϊ � ߴ � ϵ � д � � š �

� � � � � � ǰ � u ͺ � � o � � �

����ڽṹ��״���ߴ硢�������Ҫ���ɸı�ʱ�������������������ӵĴ��š�

12.3 � � � � � � е � � � � � ѡ � �

ѡ � � ԭ � �

1. � غ � � � � �

�غɽϴ�ʱӦѡ���߽Ӵ��Ĺ�����С��ܴ������غ�ʱѡ��������У���Ҫ���ܾ����غ�ʱӦѡ���

� � � � У � ͬ ʱ � � � ܾ � � � � � � � � � غ � ʱ Ӧ ѡ � � ǽ Ӵ � � � У � � � � � � � � غ ɱ Ⱦ � � � � غ ɴ � ܶ � ʱ � � � � � � � � � � � � �

�������е���Ͻṹ�����ܳ���غ�ʱ��ѡ�ù�����С�ע�⣺������в��ܳ��ܾ����غɣ�Բ����

� � � � kind guide � � ܳ � � � � � � � � غ ɡ �

2. ת � � � � � �

ѡ � � � � � ʱ Ӧ ע � ⼫ � � ת � � nlim� � ת � ٽ ϸ � ʱ � � � � � � � � � � С �

3. � � � � � � � �

4. � � � � � �

һ������еļ۸���ڹ�����С�����Խ�߼۸�Խ�ߡ�ͬ���ȵ���������м۸���͡�


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